Tagged: when
I got interested in Bristol's medieval water supplies after poking around near Jacobs Wells Road and Brandon Hill. It was during that research I found out about a pipe that's still there today, and, as far as I know, still actually functioning, that was originally commissioned by Carmelite monks in the 13th century. They wanted a supply of spring water from Brandon Hill to their priory on the site of what's now the Bristol Beacon—Colston Hall, as-was. It was created around 1267, and later, in 1376, extended generously with an extra "feather" pipe to St John's On The Wall, giving the pipework its modern name of "St John's Conduit".
St John's on the Wall is still there, guarding the remaining city gate at the end of Broad Street, and the outlet tap area was recently refurbished. It doesn't run continuously now, like it did when I first moved to Bristol and worked at the end of Broad Street, in the Everard Building, but I believe the pipe still functions. One day I'd like to see that tap running...
There are a few links on the web about the pipe, but by far the best thing to do is to watch this short and fascinating 1970s TV documentary called The Hidden Source, which has some footage of the actual pipe and also lots of fantastic general footage of Bristol in the seventies.
On my walk today I was actually just going to the building society in town, but I decided to trace some of the route of the Carmelite pipe, including visiting streets it runs under, like Park Street, Christmas Street, and, of course, Pipe Lane. I also went a bit out of my way to check out St James' Priory, the oldest building in Bristol, seeing as it was just around the corner from the building society.
There are far too many pictures from this walk, and my feet are now quite sore, because it was a long one. But I enjoyed it.
Tags: Bristol Places UK onemilematt united kingdom City Centre St John on the Wall St John's Church St. John's Conduit old city
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Text Recognition Tags: STUOHNS CONDUIT GRANTED TO THE VESTRY OF S JOHN IN THE 14TH CENTURY THE SOARCE OB SOPPLY LS AT TEE FO O AK STREET WATER IS CONVEYED SY TER DIRE OROM THE CARMBLITE PRIORY CISTERN- DN THE COLSTON ALL SITE-TEROUGH 2OST STREET AND CHRISTNLAS STREET TO ST. JOHNS GATE T ORIGINAIEY STOOD ON THE INNER SIDE OF THE GATE BUT WS MOVED TO TS RESENI SITE IN L WHEN THE FOOTWAY ON THE BASTERN SIDE OR TASGATE WAS MADE AFTER THE SUPPRESSION OF THE KORASTEUIS THE INTIRE COST OF MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CFTRE PIPE DEVOLVED UPON THE CHURCHWARDENS AND VESTRY SONETIAEN YAKINE HE WHOLE PARISH REVENJE BO AYBAR IN 1365 AFTER SEVERE DROUCHT THE DEEDS TOGETHER WITH THE RESPONSIBILTTY SOR UPKEBE WERE TRANSFERRED TO THE LOCAL BORRD OR EBALTH DURING THE AIR RAIDS OF 1940T WAS FOR A TIME THE SOLE WATER SAPPLYN THE FART OF THE CTY STUOHNS CONDUIT GRANTED TO THE VESTRY OF S JOHN IN THE 14TH CENTURY THE SOARCE OB SOPPLY LS AT TEE FO O AK STREET WATER IS CONVEYED SY TER DIRE OROM THE CARMBLITE PRIORY CISTERN- DN THE COLSTON ALL SITE-TEROUGH 2OST STREET AND CHRISTNLAS STREET TO ST. JOHNS GATE T ORIGINAIEY STOOD ON THE INNER SIDE OF THE GATE BUT WS MOVED TO TS RESENI SITE IN L WHEN THE FOOTWAY ON THE BASTERN SIDE OR TASGATE WAS MADE AFTER THE SUPPRESSION OF THE KORASTEUIS THE INTIRE COST OF MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR CFTRE PIPE DEVOLVED UPON THE CHURCHWARDENS AND VESTRY SONETIAEN YAKINE HE WHOLE PARISH REVENJE BO AYBAR IN 1365 AFTER SEVERE DROUCHT THE DEEDS TOGETHER WITH THE RESPONSIBILTTY SOR UPKEBE WERE TRANSFERRED TO THE LOCAL BORRD OR EBALTH DURING THE AIR RAIDS OF 1940T WAS FOR A TIME THE SOLE WATER SAPPLYN THE FART OF THE CTY
Since setting up a search for Hotwells on eBay I've mostly managed to restrain myself from buying much (or in one case, was outbid, luckily for my finances.) However, I couldn't resist a 1902 flyer for a singalong at the Terrett Memorial Hall, which would have stood five minutes' walk from my flat, overlooking Howard's Lock.
I've found out a fair bit about this non-denominational seaman's mission, including tracking down both a Loxton drawing and an aerial photo of it. The main thing that's eluded me, ironically enough, is finding out who Terrett was, so as a Memorial Hall it didn't do a very good job 😀.
EDIT: Ah! Did a little more digging and found that the Bristol Archives has a Bristol Dock Company document on file called "William Terrett, Esq.; corresp. etc. re proposed erection of a Mission Hall at Cumberland Basin, 1892", so that might be worth a look once the Archives are properly open again. Given that:
Sarah Terrett died suddenly on 25 November 1889, aged 53, after speaking at a meeting of the White Ribbon Army, the temperance organization she had founded in 1878. Following her death many people sent letters of sympathy to her bereaved husband, William. One of these, from the Rev. W. F. James, a minister of the Bible Christians, makes for especially interesting reading. The Bible Christian denomination, to which Sarah and William belonged, was one of the smaller Methodist connexions, and had its heartland in rural Devon, the area where she had grown up. James recalled the hospitality he enjoyed when visiting the Terretts’ home, Church House, in Bedminster, south Bristol...
...I wonder if William Terrett built the hall in memory of his late wife. They were clearly just the kind of temperance movement people who would've founded a seaman's mission to get people together to have a nice non-alcoholic singsong rather than a night out on the tiles.
Anyway. This walk to grab a coffee from Hopper Coffee in Greville Smyth Park was mostly an excuse to post the leaflet, a few other things I found related to it, and some pictures of how the site looks now. I would suggest that the present day is not an improvement.
I find the adverts fascinating. My first optician in Bristol was Dunscombe's on St Augustine's Parade, so they were there a long time. They've closed now (or at least moved) but were still there as recently as 2008, I think. Interesting to see gas lighting systems being advertised, too!
Tags: Bristol Places UK onemilematt united kingdom Hotwells Cumberland Basin Flyover System Cumberland Piazza Cumberland Basin Terrett Memorial Hall
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Text Recognition Tags: M. W. DUNSCOMBE, F.B.0.A.,e d WHY DO THE PEOPLE Spectaele Specielist and Optician, 5, St. AUGUSTINE'S PARADE, BRISTOL. Barber &Company's Teas and THE INTERNATIONAL BOOT CO FOR B0OTS? Coffees Photograplie Apparatus, Opes snd Field Glae Telescopen, Magniticn Microscopes Theenameters. Barometers, Drawing lostruments. Optial Laterns, ete. LIMELIGHT, DISSOLVING VIEW A CINEMATOGRAPH ENTERTAINMENTS. Because they know they will get Honest Value tor their money. AT POPULAR PRICES. ONE MUSDED TEAB ALL GASH PIORS. The International Boot Co., Bristol Addreas 33, BRIDGE STREET. 2a, Hetvell Rd., BRISTOL. PROGRAMME – Saturday, Januaty 4th, at 7.30. Estalilahed 1834. IF YOU WANT SHIRTING COLE&POTTOW,Ltd. 15 to 18, Lower Maudlin St., FLANNELETTE, W. AXTENS, 219. 221, 223, Hlotwell Road. LION Brand at 6 d. "TIGER" eter ne range. 2 Tia. ialld by a. Derpasd y NOSE, Astcar THY ৰ । Des t BRISTOL Seripture. Pianoforte Solo. Prayer. Chairman's Remarks. READY-MADE AND BESPOKE TAILORS. Mi FireucoaIL Mr LoA TATLO The Amoec daktal "The HoBhrine" In the thening Grey *How llortlue ie Beidge "Oh! kliheful" Song Song at 5{d. Miss TuK Sti Porata Mis F. Hanter Duet Largast Stock of Ready-Made Clothing in the Wet ol Eagland. Scamen's Complete Ourfits. Recital Song TEMPERANCE ADDRESS M lowan REV. LEONARD W. PARRY ELANNELK, BLANKETS. QUILS, Duet Musinal Selootions Song Song Song Annoaneoments and Colleetion. The aina Acdion "The Te Cities" When the ande g by "Antie anrie Doxology. Mis Fo LI Mr. E IL Do A Gross of Watches for London PREPAUE TO THE MINTER SEASON "WELSBACH Mis Tter Mater LaA TAXton EVELLERT, INCANESCENT GAN LIT SSTEM emar te RELABACE KERN BUN ngecres el er ot- the A PLEDGE BOOK WILL BE FOUND ON THE HALL TABLE. The Lacal Cemmitta t the lntorpated seamen and Boatmes's Friend foclety arnestly appeal te the Mambers t the Chrlatlan Chuncho nd all frienda of Temperince te ugpot thee goteria in every passible way. Thone dentring te help, ether In providinprgremme or canvaalng, e requostad to communicate with the Supertetendent, ke EW, Parry, Avenhurat, Cumhertand Road A Preper Mastin held a Wednerday, at8 pm. Hithe lacl iur il T10 Tarslays, and aday Teeat 11 a 30t ioel r Ant WILSACE HARTRA Muity e Riches i Apply fir paminla te Welsbech Inndescent Gas Light Co, A Titoria Strest, Bristal WATTS & C Ld., p Stokes Croft. M. W. DUNSCOMBE, F.B.0.A.,e d WHY DO THE PEOPLE Spectaele Specielist and Optician, 5, St. AUGUSTINE'S PARADE, BRISTOL. Barber &Company's Teas and THE INTERNATIONAL BOOT CO FOR B0OTS? Coffees Photograplie Apparatus, Opes snd Field Glae Telescopen, Magniticn Microscopes Theenameters. Barometers, Drawing lostruments. Optial Laterns, ete. LIMELIGHT, DISSOLVING VIEW A CINEMATOGRAPH ENTERTAINMENTS. Because they know they will get Honest Value tor their money. AT POPULAR PRICES. ONE MUSDED TEAB ALL GASH PIORS. The International Boot Co., Bristol Addreas 33, BRIDGE STREET. 2a, Hetvell Rd., BRISTOL. PROGRAMME – Saturday, Januaty 4th, at 7.30. Estalilahed 1834. IF YOU WANT SHIRTING COLE&POTTOW,Ltd. 15 to 18, Lower Maudlin St., FLANNELETTE, W. AXTENS, 219. 221, 223, Hlotwell Road. LION Brand at 6 d. "TIGER" eter ne range. 2 Tia. ialld by a. Derpasd y NOSE, Astcar THY ৰ । Des t BRISTOL Seripture. Pianoforte Solo. Prayer. Chairman's Remarks. READY-MADE AND BESPOKE TAILORS. Mi FireucoaIL Mr LoA TATLO The Amoec daktal "The HoBhrine" In the thening Grey *How llortlue ie Beidge "Oh! kliheful" Song Song at 5{d. Miss TuK Sti Porata Mis F. Hanter Duet Largast Stock of Ready-Made Clothing in the Wet ol Eagland. Scamen's Complete Ourfits. Recital Song TEMPERANCE ADDRESS M lowan REV. LEONARD W. PARRY ELANNELK, BLANKETS. QUILS, Duet Musinal Selootions Song Song Song Annoaneoments and Colleetion. The aina Acdion "The Te Cities" When the ande g by "Antie anrie Doxology. Mis Fo LI Mr. E IL Do A Gross of Watches for London PREPAUE TO THE MINTER SEASON "WELSBACH Mis Tter Mater LaA TAXton EVELLERT, INCANESCENT GAN LIT SSTEM emar te RELABACE KERN BUN ngecres el er ot- the A PLEDGE BOOK WILL BE FOUND ON THE HALL TABLE. The Lacal Cemmitta t the lntorpated seamen and Boatmes's Friend foclety arnestly appeal te the Mambers t the Chrlatlan Chuncho nd all frienda of Temperince te ugpot thee goteria in every passible way. Thone dentring te help, ether In providinprgremme or canvaalng, e requostad to communicate with the Supertetendent, ke EW, Parry, Avenhurat, Cumhertand Road A Preper Mastin held a Wednerday, at8 pm. Hithe lacl iur il T10 Tarslays, and aday Teeat 11 a 30t ioel r Ant WILSACE HARTRA Muity e Riches i Apply fir paminla te Welsbech Inndescent Gas Light Co, A Titoria Strest, Bristal WATTS & C Ld., p Stokes Croft.
Northern Clifton
16 Jan 2021
A raggedy wander with my friend Lisa, picking up a few stray streets and venturing only briefly onto Whiteladies Road, where it was too damn busy, given the current pandemic. We retreated fairly quickly. Found a couple of interesting back alleys, and got a very pointed "can I help you?" from a man who was working in his garage in one of the rather run-down garage areas behind some posh houses, and clearly didn't want us just wandering around there.
Tags: onemilematt Clifton Clifton High School
Auto-Tags: Daytime Sky Window Tree Font Landmark Building City Signage Facade Twig House Sign Advertising Plant
Text Recognition Tags: Clifton High School ctdey reuhata h om www.dihanhigh.cmuk| Admissions: 0117933 9087 ep our School ommunity safe: al distancing hands regularly 3 when advised to -- Clifton High School ctdey reuhata h om www.dihanhigh.cmuk| Admissions: 0117933 9087 ep our School ommunity safe: al distancing hands regularly 3 when advised to --
Sunday Bedmo
20 Dec 2020
A long meander around bits of Bedminster, from the river to the north to Winterstoke Road to the south, taking a few roads I've seen before, and a few I haven't. The Christmas decorations were an extra bonus.
Of course, what this means is that at some time in the past someone tried to cut a child in half by slamming the gate while a group was going through it...
Tags: Bristol Places UK onemilematt united kingdom Bedminster Southville
Auto-Tags: Vertebrate Fence Mesh Mammal Material property Wire fencing Glass Metal Composite material Steel Facade Transparency City Building material Sky
Text Recognition Tags: THIS GATE Must be kept in the • FIXED POSITION when groups of children are passing through it THIS GATE Must be kept in the • FIXED POSITION when groups of children are passing through it
More Cliftonwood
05 Dec 2020
Back to Cliftonwood for a wander that included some of the belle views of Bellevue Crescent and other bits of the easternmost part. Highlights included watching someone bump-starting an elderly Nissan Micra in the narrow confines of Bellevue Crescent.
Tags: Bristol Places UK onemilematt united kingdom Clifton Village Clifton
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Text Recognition Tags: ITS NOT REAL WHEN ĐOES IT STOP? ITS NOT REAL WHEN ĐOES IT STOP?
Quick Coffee
19 Nov 2020
A sunny day, and though I should have probably headed for less well-travelled territory I just headed over to the Marina to grab a flat white from Imagine That's horsebox café.
What, should I keep clear from this side? I'm assuming that this doesn't actually affect anything on dry land...
Tags: Bristol Places UK onemilematt united kingdom harbourside floating harbour harbour Spike Island
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Text Recognition Tags: DANGER SLUICES KEEP CLEAR WHEN RED LIGHT IS FLASHING DANGER SLUICES KEEP CLEAR WHEN RED LIGHT IS FLASHING
I'm in the habit of going over to the Tobacco Factory Market on a Sunday. I think I've walked all the routes around that way, but as a Plimsoll Bridge swing let me cross the road to the far side of Brunel Way on my return journey and I took a couple of photos of the brownfield development at the old Ashton Gate Depot site I thought I'd call it a Wander and pop some photos up.
They really couldn't make it much clearer that drivers are meant to nip off down the off ramp up ahead and take Junction Swing Bridge instead. But if anyone ever does I've not seen it. I don't think I've ever been caught in the queue here as a driver, but then I don't do much driving.
Tags: Bristol Places UK onemilematt united kingdom Cumberland Basin Flyover System plimsoll bridge bridge swing traffic Brunel Way cars plimsoll bridge swing
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Text Recognition Tags: When Bridge Closed Follow Diversion BRIDGE SWING AHEAD All Traffic 270 yds of C150 ESITALAR When Bridge Closed Follow Diversion BRIDGE SWING AHEAD All Traffic 270 yds of C150 ESITALAR
I've been pretty awful at reading so far this year, apparently averaging about one book per month. That's a far cry from 2019, say, where I got through 41 books in the year. Today's wander was prompted by my rubbish reading, as I needed to go hand back some books to the library, because I'd managed to renew them so many times that I hit the limit on renewals. Oops. Several of them were still unread.
So, off to the Central Library for me, tail between my legs. On the way there I did my best to recreate a historical photo of Dowry Square; while I was in the area I walked under the adjacent Norman arch and poked around behind the Cathedral, and I also had a little diversion to the city centre and came back along the south side of the river, hitting some trouble with the lock gates as I finally crossed the harbour back towards home.
Tags: Bristol Places UK onemilematt united kingdom City Centre St Augustine's Cathedral Choir School Cathedral School college square
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Text Recognition Tags: Abbot's Gatehouse Bristol Cathedral originated as a monastery founded in the 1140s by Robert Fitzharding (later Lord Berkeley) This archway formed the entrance to the abbey's residential buildings One of the finest examples of Romanesque architecture in the west country, the arch was carefully preserved when, in the fifteenth century, the two-storey gatehouse was constructed over it. The medieval statues on the gatehouse depict key individuals in the history of the abbey, which was disbanded in 1539. Bristol Cathedral was founded in 1542 and the gatehouse today contains its administrative offices. Bristol Cathedral Entrance to the cathedral is via the North Porch through the arch and to the right SHAND 200 ACER B HODERN Abbot's Gatehouse Bristol Cathedral originated as a monastery founded in the 1140s by Robert Fitzharding ( later Lord Berkeley ) This archway formed the entrance to the abbey's residential buildings One of the finest examples of Romanesque architecture in the west country , the arch was carefully preserved when , in the fifteenth century , the two - storey gatehouse was constructed over it . The medieval statues on the gatehouse depict key individuals in the history of the abbey , which was disbanded in 1539 . Bristol Cathedral was founded in 1542 and the gatehouse today contains its administrative offices . Bristol Cathedral Entrance to the cathedral is via the North Porch through the arch and to the right SHAND 200 ACER B HODERN
A bit more detail if you fancy it.
Tags: Bristol Places UK onemilematt united kingdom City Centre Saint Nicholas Market St Nicholas Market St. Nicholas Market Corn Street old city
Auto-Tags: Wood Font Wall Landmark Commemorative plaque Tree History Signage Memorial Metal Public utility Interior design Kitchen utensil Idiophone
Text Recognition Tags: THE CORN EXCHANGE CLOCK The clock on this building with an extra minute hand recalls early Victorian days, when Bristol was in two minds about the correct time. Although today we take Greenwich Mean Time or British Summertime for granted before 1880 no standard time existed in the British Isles. Every city had its own local time, reckoned by the sun and signed by church bells. Bristol lies 2 degrees, 36 minutes west of the Greenwich Meridian and so the sun reaches its noon nearly peak 11 minutes later than in Greenwich. Before the growth of railways, most people expected to spend their lives close to home. Travel by stagecoach or ship was slow and uncomfortable. Timetables were vague. For Bristolians a change came in June 1841, when the first through train from London pulled into Temple Meads Station. Brunel's Great Western Railway began to tempt people to travel, now they could go to London in hours rather than days. The Railways ran on London time (Greenwich Mean Time). If you wanted to catch a train at noon from Temple Meads you had to remember that it would pull out at 11:49 Bristol Time. To help Bristolians catch their trains, Bristol Corporation arranged for the main public clock on the Corn Exchange to show both local and Greenwich Mean Time (Railway Time) with two minute hands. Other clocks in Bristol adopted the same compromise, In September 1852 Bristol adopted GMT and Bristol time became the same as Lond THE CORN EXCHANGE CLOCK The clock on this building with an extra minute hand recalls early Victorian days , when Bristol was in two minds about the correct time . Although today we take Greenwich Mean Time or British Summertime for granted before 1880 no standard time existed in the British Isles . Every city had its own local time , reckoned by the sun and signed by church bells . Bristol lies 2 degrees , 36 minutes west of the Greenwich Meridian and so the sun reaches its noon nearly peak 11 minutes later than in Greenwich . Before the growth of railways , most people expected to spend their lives close to home . Travel by stagecoach or ship was slow and uncomfortable . Timetables were vague . For Bristolians a change came in June 1841 , when the first through train from London pulled into Temple Meads Station . Brunel's Great Western Railway began to tempt people to travel , now they could go to London in hours rather than days . The Railways ran on London time ( Greenwich Mean Time ) . If you wanted to catch a train at noon from Temple Meads you had to remember that it would pull out at 11:49 Bristol Time . To help Bristolians catch their trains , Bristol Corporation arranged for the main public clock on the Corn Exchange to show both local and Greenwich Mean Time ( Railway Time ) with two minute hands . Other clocks in Bristol adopted the same compromise , In September 1852 Bristol adopted GMT and Bristol time became the same as Lond
Easter Monday Gardens and Flowers
18 Apr 2022
I didn't really set out with a theme of flowers and gardens in mind for this walk. I just fancied heading up to Clifton Village to get lunch. As it turned out, though, Spring was springing, so a minor theme emerged as I started off with the graveyard flowers of Hope Chapel and wandered up to see the beginnings of the new wildflower garden at Clifton Hill Meadow.
Tags: Bristol Places UK onemilematt united kingdom Clifton Village Clifton Clifton Hill Clifton Hill Bank Clifton Hill Meadow
Auto-Tags: Plant community Ecoregion Plant Green Natural landscape Natural environment Botany Organism Terrestrial plant Vegetation Land lot Grass Font Biome Line
Text Recognition Tags: Welcome to Clifton Hill Meadow and Wildflower Lawn We to add which grobe Theate h how to w 2001. The c wakenya March 2002. Over t 0 flow and fy ata of t What will happen on the site Clifton Hill is changing We're working with the council to transform this slope www into a wildflower meadow and wildflower floral law. betrie Espress but we will soon stat The week and the grap prothesof 2011 Feyete the C when we propawower made the becomes to fe of powiad of coa tour, de dona pm the cap sed my led to help on the gord They are w Swach the So that owner, and the ம து போட்ட விலொ That the be wh Apinating w the to the we Do you want mor wildflowers? DVD WEST BRISTOL CLIMATE Welcome to Clifton Hill Meadow and Wildflower Lawn We to add which grobe Theate h how to w 2001. The c wakenya March 2002 . Over t 0 flow and fy ata of t What will happen on the site Clifton Hill is changing We're working with the council to transform this slope www into a wildflower meadow and wildflower floral law . betrie Espress but we will soon stat The week and the grap prothesof 2011 Feyete the C when we propawower made the becomes to fe of powiad of coa tour , de dona pm the cap sed my led to help on the gord They are w Swach the So that owner , and the ம து போட்ட விலொ That the be wh Apinating w the to the we Do you want mor wildflowers ? DVD WEST BRISTOL CLIMATE
I mostly went out to hang out with my friends Sarah and Vik in Bedminster, but along the way I thought I'd take a closer look at something a little nearer home: the last crossing point of the Rownham Ferry.
And here's the picture that inspired this little local visit today. A week or so back I was browsing the boxes of books at Rachel's and Michael's Antiques on Princess VIctoria Street, and flipping through their collection of Reece Winstone books. Winstone's famous Bristol As It Was series are an amazing documentary source created by a man who loved both photography and Bristol and effectively became Bristol's foremost documentary photographer for decades. A lot more of Bristol's history is visible today because of him.
In the Bristol As It Was 1939 - 1914 book I saw this picture of the Rownham Ferry. Unfortunately the book was a first edition and priced at £20, so I ordered a cheaper edition from an independent dealer in Stockport when I got home! (Let's consider that as me leaving the rare first edition for the true connoisseurs, rather than just being cheap.)
Here we see the ferry just five days before its closure on the last day of 1932. Looking closely, it seems to be perhaps operating as a reaction ferry, with the boat tethered to a static line across the river, and the ferryman using the rudder to turn the boat and use the power of the flowing water to shuttle the boat from side to side. Clever!
Photo © Reece Winstone Archive. (I recommend buying the books if you like old photos of Bristol. They're amazing!)
Tags: Bristol Places UK onemilematt united kingdom river avon avon new cut Spike Island history Rownham Ferry
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Text Recognition Tags: (63) 26 December 1932 : Rownham Ferry, Hotwells, discontinued 5 days later. There was a river crossing here since Norman days and carried the Abbot of St. Augustine's on his way to Abbot's Leigh. Before the 1870's when Cumberland Basin was re-designed, the crossing was further down- stream. Dangerous at high tide, it was merely a bridge of boats at low tide. (63) 26 December 1932 : Rownham Ferry, Hotwells, discontinued 5 days later. There was a river crossing here since Norman days and carried the Abbot of St. Augustine's on his way to Abbot's Leigh. Before the 1870's when Cumberland Basin was re-designed, the crossing was further down- stream. Dangerous at high tide, it was merely a bridge of boats at low tide.